STEPS - REFRACTION

1.   Salutation/ Introduction

2.   History

1. Biodata Name,Age,sex,profession,

2. Chief Complaints with duration & onset

3. H/O (Spectacles, Contact Lenses, Night blindness, Glaucoma, DM, HTN, patching)

4. Family History (spectacles, Night Blindness, Glaucoma, DM, HTN)

§  Examination

3.   General Appearance Diffuse light exam. Of anterior segment

1. Facial symmetry

2. Head Tilt

3. Face Turn

4.   Pupil Examination

5.   Extra ocular movements

6.   Cover ,uncover, alternate cover test

7.   Visual acuity

1. Distant/Near

2. Aided/Unaided

3. WITH PIN HOLE

8.   Retinoscopy (with working distance and cycloplegic status)

9.   Subjective refraction

10.        Duochrom test

11.        Cross Cylinder   For Axis, Power, Presence of cylinder

12.        Maddox rod test (muscle balance for distance)

13.        NPA & NPC (near point of accommodation &near point of Convergence)

14.        Near correction

15.        Maddox wing test (near muscle balance)

16.        Supplementary tests (if indicated)

1. IPD/BVD

2. Vergence power RAF ruler

17.        Ophthalmoscopy

18.        Priscription

19.        Transposition of Prescription if indicated

20.        Say Thanks, good bye & shake hand.